Trade
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GLOSSARY (links to organisations listed here are in the following section)
Cultural exception
Difference between industrial goods and services and artistic goods and services
Free trade
Free trade of goods and services between countries
GATS
The WTO’s General Agreement on Trade in Services
GATT
The WTO’s General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
MAI
Multilateral Agreement on Investment
TRIPS
Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
UNESCO
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
WIPO
World Intellectual Property Organization
WTO
World Trade Organisation
KEY LINKS
International
Europe
STATEMENTS FROM KEY ORGANISATIONS
DOCUMENTS & BIBLIOGRAPHIES
Bibliographies
UNESCO has a bibliography on “Culture, Trade and Globalization” which can be accessed by clicking here.
A Selected Bibliography on International Law and the Protection of Cultural Diversity has also been compiled by P Van den Bossche and A Dahrendorf from Maastricht University as part of the WTO Law and Culture Project funded by the Boekman Foundation, Amsterdam (November 2006) and this can be accessed from the website of CUPORE, the Foundation for Cultural Policy Research in Finland.
Articles of Interest
- Freedman, Des. 2005. GATS and the audiovisual sector. An update. Global Media and Communication. Volume 1(1): 124-128. SAGE Publications.
- Herold, Anna. 2003. European Public Film Support within the WTO Framework. IRIS plus, Legal Observations of the European Audiovisual Observatory, Issue 2003-6.
- Neuwirth, Rostam J. 2002. The Cultural Industries and the Legacy of Article IV GATT: Rethinking the Relation of Culture and Trade in Light of the New WTO Round. Paper presented at Conference on Cultural Traffic: Policy, Culture, and the New Technologies in the European Union and Canada, Carleton University, 22-23 November 2002.
- Pauwels, Caroline & Loisen, Jan. 2003. The WTO and the Audiovisual Sector. Economic Free Trade vs Cultural Horse Trading. European Journal of Communication, Vol. 18, No. 3, 291-313 (2003). SAGE Publications.
- Wiedemann, Verena. 2004. Cultural Diversity: The Central Mission of Public Service Broadcasting at the Crossroads of WTO and UNESCO. Paper presented on December 11th 2003 at the World Electronic Media Forum, Geneva.
- Widemann, Verena. 2004. Public Service Broadcasting, State aid, and the Internet: Emerging EU Law. In Diffusion online 2004/47.
- Barlow, Maude. 2001. The Global Monoculture: ‘Free Trade’ Versus Culture and Democracy. Earth Island Journal. Autumn 2001.
- Broude, Tomer. 2005. "Taking 'Trade and Culture' Seriously: Geographical Indications and Cultural Protection in WTO Law" (May 1, 2005). SSRN Electronic Paper Collection.
- Frau-Meigs, Divina. “Cultural exception”, national policies and globalisation: imperatives in democratisation and promotion of contemporary culture. Quaderns del CAC. Issue 14.
- Graber, Christoph Beat. 2006. The New UNESCO Convention on Cultural Diversity: a Counterbalance to the WTO? Journal of International Economic Law Vol. 9 No 3. Oxford University Press. 2006. NOTE! FULL TEXT OF THIS ARTICLE IS ONLY AVAILABLE TO SUBSCRIBERS OR ON A PAY PER ARTICLE BASIS.
- Jamieson, Bruce. 2000. Trade Liberalization: Culture, Identity and Social Cohesion. Department of Canadian Heritage (PDF). Available on Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada.
- Palma Martos, Maria Luisa & Palma Martos, Luis. 2006. Fixed Book Pricing in Spain: A Debate Between Economic Efficiency and Cultural Diversity (doc). Paper presented on 6-9 July 2006 at 14th International Conference of the ACEI, Vienna.
- Tunney, James. 2004. World Trade Law, Culture, Heritage and Tourism. Towards a Holistic Conceptual Approach? Current Issues in Tourism. Vol 7, No. 4&5. (full text of this article is only available to subscribers or on a pay per article basis).
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